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Blue Forest http://www.lslnet.com at 13:08 on August 8, 2006
 A laughing stock, will 5.0x unixware What is the difference between Unix and sco! Thank you
A laughing stock, will 5.0x unixware What is the difference between Unix and sco! |
A laughing stock, will 5.0x unixware What is the difference between Unix and sco! Thank you
Rather, the company said it is a simple two operating systems |
A laughing stock, will 5.0x unixware What is the difference between Unix and sco! Thank you
Unixware technology white paper
1. Introduced
Today, competition among enterprises is the key message? Information content, information distribution, information analysis and access to information. In this dynamic environment, the rapid distribution of information and access to business is very harsh. Customers are different, and sometimes far away is gradually increasing and ever-changing. When IT systems become all core business processes based, data model to exponentially increase, so with the traditional system of coordination and client / server or mainframe applications to the operation, it will become the new development and use of Java technology, a browser-based applications the ability to process important. Under such circumstances, the server for processing all the information and network played a central role. IT is looking for business servers, and has asked it to provide low-cost hard rock like reliability. Industry standard server technology solution is a strong, and relatively simple to install and operate.
SCO was founded in 1979, its purpose is : to set up a powerful UNIX system performance and the cost-effectiveness of combining Intel平台. UNIX is currently the core of the majority of hardware and software systems sales. Previously, only centralized data center server and distributed only important, but enterprises now operating in a UNIX server business critical applications. Meanwhile, a new generation of enterprise-class servers based on Intel processors was born. Rather, the most advanced UNIX operating system? UnixWare 7? Combination of these servers, departmental and enterprise computing users with a higher update of the performance, value and use. IT professionals are now no longer dependent on expensive RISC UNIX system will be a variety of benefits.
This paper introduces 7 of the UnixWare operating system, as the majority of Intel processors provide the most advanced server operating system.
UnixWare 7 integrates an extensive set of system services : advanced scalable technology, multi-protocol network support, distribution management, advanced safety and application procedures through brokers arbitrary Tarantella client support, as well as reliability, availability and clustering. Because UnixWare 7 has been leading the industry ISV support, in relation to other UNIX server hardware manufacturers to be given more support, the next generation will be decided UnixWare 7 UNIX system standards.
2. Rather, the point
In the future, Network Computing will allow all enterprises to rapidly change the sake of a simple data information. Network Computing program allows enterprises to any person (including employees, customers and partners) to provide access to business critical data and applications assistance. It enables enterprises to use more cost-saving equipment to visit the application procedures so as to maximize the return on their software investment. Network Computing began to have an impact on the business world. The extensive growth of the Internet, World Wide Web, Java technology and network bandwidth and the ability to obtain increased network are calculated on the basis of changes in today's business operations.
Rather, that such changes in the structure of the existing IT infrastructure development, and this server and network capacity greater emphasis on the reliability, stability and collaboration. Is the ideal operating environment should support the new movement, and low-cost changes to the user and application procedures, equipment, should also have the ability to maintain support. Korean central network server and the application of this model of change, SCO emphasis on business is a natural development of key terms.
210 business critical computing and SCO
In the high-end UNIX system performance, reliability, scalability, network integration and support of all users in this new computing model center established a strategy so strong strength. 1997, the Unix server hardware and software system sales exceeded 32 billion U.S. dollars. Previously, only play a decisive role in the centralized data center and distributed server, and now has UNIX server business critical applications in enterprises undertaking the operation. In fact, a commercial UNIX server calculated for each age has brought technological breakthroughs? Mainframe, client / server computing and now network computing. No UNIX, TCP, WWW, Internet, Java technology and many other decisive commercial terms, are not now exist. Gen IDC estimates that the current commercial UNIX server database affect around 83% to 55% over the role of the Internet. SCO has based on standard hardware platform for all UNIX software for large enterprises to establish their own leadership. SCO UNIX server systems dominate the market, it sold the UNIX server has more than any other supplier.
Meanwhile, the Intel processor-based systems, known in industry leading position and performance, and it is gradually increased according to the requirements of enterprise servers provide scalability, high performance and the ability to handle massive capacity. IDC 1995-2000 root of the server operating system, SCO UNIX, Intel has become the major one, it had a market share of about 70%. Report said : "So far, only Intel SCO UNIX system to be truly successful provider." Therefore, the SCO UNIX operating system will use Intel processors in the server system and the combination of economic efficiency, thereby providing high-quality at a reasonable price, high-performance and high-reliable network computing platform. Intel架构 passed to the server system to provide the most advanced UNIX tools, SCO has this new, evolving environment, a good choice is maintained its leading position in the server. UnixWare 7 easily integrate various clients, from the most simple ASCII terminal to the Windows desktop system from the point of service terminal to full-function UNIX workstations from specialized telecommunications equipment to the wireless, hand-held PDA.
3. Development
To protect the user's investment, to ensure that today's investment will remain valid after a 64-bit system, UnixWare 7 will be combined into a 64-bit features of the operating system and development tools. This platform design is easy to make the transition to SCO UnixWare 7 is currently developing the 153-based Intel (IA-64) processors to the new generation of 64-bit UNIX systems. SCO realized that our subscribers to input 32-bit applications at the same time, they hope that their input at the appropriate time to move to the new system will be simple and easy. These will be back for further clarification.
In February 1998, the SCO together with the leading hardware manufacturers, the introduction of UnixWare 7 data center capabilities. If the data center to speed up the project, this new attempt to make SCO in performance, reliability, availability and scalability within the field of high-end data center based on the ability to accelerate the UnixWare32 Intel平台 spaces and 64-bit product line. In the second half of 1998, the SCO will be able to provide users with 64-bit environment mainly the initial product, then SCO Mereed processors in a 64-bit release of the best UnixWare entire production system. SCO server to ensure the development process, a 64-bit high-performance and high scalability promised benefits will be provided with the Intel 153 processor. Rather, the 64-bit on the details, please refer to the SCO of another white paper, the name "UnixWare and 64-bit channels."
4. UnixWare 7? Internal visit
UnixWare 7 is a multi-purpose, scalable UNIX operating environment and integrated enterprise network services for business critical calculated and compared. It is to design a new generation of enterprise servers based on Intel processors, adding a number of new technologies and the most advanced hardware and peripheral systems. By providing a complete binary compatibility of applications to support SCO OpenServerTM and SCO UnixWare applications. Because some of the key features of 64-bit enterprise also provides the ability to easily enable the design of UnixWare 7 on the next transition to the next generation 64-bit Intel 64-bit processor UnixWare Mereed system.
After description of the UnixWare 7 in a number of areas with a new or existing features, which enable users to understand the clear and reliable. , Scalability, management and ease of use of sexual and other fields advantages :
Note version
Enterprise scalability and performance
The key operational reliability
Java technology advanced Internet
Tarantella? Allow arbitrary Client visit
Multimedia ready
Extensive network of cooperative
Paper and printing services
Directory Service
Remote Management and System Management
Mail and news
Internet users permit
Service options
New features of a further detailed discussion, please refer to the new features UnixWare 7 Directory can be obtained from the following address : http://www.sco.com/unixware/new_features.
Version 4.1 shows
UnixWare 7 products from the distribution of some options for family services and development tools, "and the creation of" operating system component.
UnixWare 7 version include :
Enterprise Edition : Based on a decision support and online transaction for the purpose of large-scale operations in the high-end enterprise-level business applications and database services
Device.
Departments version : the server for medium to large institutional sector, the operating business users to share applications and critical letter
Information, including : PC users, NC, terminal and the use of Java technology in the browser.
The Web-based version : Enterprise Intranet and Internet server with an industrial strength,
E-commerce, Internet and Extranet applications ideal platform.
Messaging version : for all departments and enterprise-wide mail and Internet information server, a powerful and reliable telematics
Transmission functions, global user access to the contents of the directory service functions and simple management functions.
TBA* commercial version :
Basic version of the platform server environment : as a professional, such as telecommunications equipment and other embedded systems. It can also serve as a graphic
Workstations.
Each edition provides a single license key for all versions of the product package, and then an entire distribution system. UnixWare 7 versions available to those who need high reliability, high performance and a high level of business and enterprise-level servers to the medium - and large-scale organizations optimal solution. Users can also realize savings, as it is, "and the creation of" features, more expensive to purchase separately.
Users can use basic version at the beginning, later adding the necessary parts. Similarly, a version of any number of users can be added according to need permission to add new products or packages.
UnixWare 7 allocation summary
User Interface : CDE, Webtop, outlined characteristics
Enterprise Edition version Intranet version based version departments version Messaging
50 +4 months CPU***64GB memory users online data management and print Netscape Navigator Gold Windows 25 user memory plus 2 months CPU***4GB **Windows document and print Netscape Navigator Gold users +50 1-mail two months CPU***4GB Netscape Directory Server memory NetscapeMessaging ServerNetscape Comm. 1 + users unlimited memory NetscapeEnterprise Server Ne Web2 months CPU***4GB paper and printing tscape Directory ServerWindows 1 +1 months CPU***512MB user memory
Management framework, automatic unattended backup, Tarantella technology
TCP, PPP, IP SandMail screening system, POP, IMAP integrated HTTP server, Web browser
Can be upgraded to the SVR5 kernel and the file system with high availability
L in the second half of 1998, called UnixWare 7 Bassed version of UnixWare 7, and the market for small and medium-sized business (mainly concern the use of this group of users SCO OpenServer version 5). For these markets, and will provide SCO OpenServer transplant tools that enable users according to their own steps to UnixWare 7 and maximum investment protection.
4.2 enterprise scalability and performance
Network Computing server durability releasing a lot of energy, which is key to the successful model calculation server platform reliability, availability and scalability. To meet the network computing environment for the more centralized structure and increase data storage to meet the needs of UnixWare 7 extends the grading system, the grades have to meet the support needs of the majority of applications and workload scalability functions.
4.2.1 the best, high-performance kernel
SCO UnixWare 7 includes the newly-developed UNIX SVR5 kernel. Development of the operating system on more than 20 years of knowledge and experience in enterprise computing to the high reliability that the SCO in the relevant SVR3 and SVR4 development environment based on the SVR5. SVR5 kernel density is a complete multi-threaded locking system, and enhanced scalability and better real-time processing capability. Light processes (LWPs) allow for multithreading parallel implementation of the same process, so as to transactions (such as Web services) to provide a faster response time. Before allowing the classification process is the most time-sharing, scheduling priority at the same time by the system for different applications. For example, the classification process is the most important process control, time-sharing is operational applications (such as databases) to the typical demand.
The core resource allocation is completely different dynamic, which means that the system can adjust the workload so that the system is more flexible. Kernel mode or unloading can be dynamically installed, the system can best use the remaining memory and other system resources. It also allows the use of a dedicated server configuration can be a small core feet superscript, such as embedded systems.
Core data structure used to maintain users, groups, the process of tracking and information equipment, the structure will support the expansion of the use of a great number of UID, GID, PID, equipment and i node. This would enable the system to provide more support and resources to users items. 3.75GB maximum capacity of the process.
UnixWare 7 kernel can support ccNUMA. UnixWare 7 of the memory management subsystem, and the process of classification I/O subsystem functions are enhanced to take advantage of hardware ccUNMA the merits. CcNUMA system can be brought together to create platforms and SCO special module (PSMs) and actuators. These enhancements based on the original system for the distribution of more than 4 way SMP systems bring scalability, performance and availability of benefits.
4.2.2 Performance expansion I/O
Several new memory technology to provide enhanced performance I/O UnixWare 7 can be supported, and it supports high data transmission rates I2O mass storage in the next storage equipment connected with a lot. I2O I/O subsystems for intelligent design, it can transmit information between several independent processors. Due to the different levels of actuator, I2O intelligent I/O accumulated by lifting the suspension of the mainframe tasks I/O I/O greatly improved the performance. Because of the large number of broadband applications, such as : video network, assembly and client / server processing, I2O compatible system can be provided more effectively I/O processing capabilities.
Multichannel I/O (MPIO) multi-host bus adapter connected with the same equipment and multi-bus. MPIO demonstrate excellence in the use of load balancing at the operational advantages. It is available in every I/O effective ways to meet the requirements of the I/O, the maximum disk capacity, while reducing the transmission of each SCSI bus obstruction. This has made the number of clusters in the disk system can be connected to all for reading and writing, thus reducing bottlenecks in a single system and controller.
UnixWare 7 also supports fiber (Fiber Channel) channel equipment. Serial storage structure could support future equipment (SSA).
4.2.3 High Capacity Memory
UnixWare 7 supports large memory (200240), the system can be used to achieve high 64GB of physical memory. 4GB of system memory (RAM) is often used in the allocation of the work load. More than 4GB of memory used for special storage areas, and this part of the system initialization time set aside for a special shared memory. When working in more than 4GB of memory, UnixWare 7 addresses the actual use Pentium Pro processor expansion mode (PAE). Dynamic Shared Memory (DSHM) API permitted in 63GB of shared memory area, which used to overcome the other 32-bit operating system (NT) 3GB user virtual address the limitations in the application procedures as necessary, in its virtual address space and shared memory between the home page dynamically generated marker.
A single server can support more users and data than the current model, for example, a database application can load an entire memory reservoir within the shared memory allocation and use of the API ( ";3GB), thereby greatly increasing the sophisticated performance.
4.2.4 large-capacity data storage
UnixWare 7 I/O subsystem design of large SMP machines with the scalability and clustering requirements. Many of hardware equipment for the system it introduced the Storage Device adapter (SDI), it is a driver software framework. In addition to management, simplification and standardization of equipment write-driven approach, SDI can also facilitate management of a large number of different devices and adapter. Compared with the previous version of Intel and other server operating systems, this system can support more independent disk storage equipment. Model system to address the expansion of facilities, for controller, bus and the only logical modules 2^32 address. UnixWare 7 storage equipment to support the following :
Hard Disk : high-speed, high-capacity, and there are different types of capacity (IDE, ESDI, MFM and SCSI). UnixWare 7 supports fixed
And removable hard drives, RAID support industry-standard hardware systems.
UnixWare 7 supports a variety of equipment : tape, including toner cassette disk, 9-Road, DAT-, DLT-and 8-mm. These tapes
High storage capacity also as portable, and provides an effective method of data storage and transmission. Tape data compression function of system
Backup management unit and software can compress and decompress data on the control of the hardware used by the SCSI tape drive support.
CD-ROM : CD-ROM drive can handle most of the actual CD-ROM of information data and voice data.
This data will support both UnixWare 7. CD-ROM can be used to access vast amounts of information.
A one-time write actuator (WORM) : WORM been divided into continuous, fixed size, can be arbitrary sequence of similar
Hard disk, WORM drives can write a back of each district.
Converter : Sometimes referred to as medium automatic point gramophones (such as disk basement, optical disk library), which can automatically storage media (diskettes, CD-ROMs, other) in depositors
And the location of mobile storage device for reading and driving. Conversion to have a big, centralized, highly flexible storage space is very good
The.
4.2.5 large files and documentation system
UnixWare support for a series of seven types of documents, including a 64-bit (also known as long) file size support. CES : most overall, ufs, sfs (Secure File System), memfs, vxfs (VERITAS File System type), bfs (catalog root file system types) and dosfs. In addition, the system supports /proc File System, which documents the activities of each system can access the system and process ore (light process) state.
The system supports large files and the file system, each and every paper is up to 1TB file system can accommodate the largest four billion documents. 64 large documents using File System (LFS), and it can easily achieve 64-bit system-wide change in the future. The operating system also supports 64-bit documents. UnixWare 7 a storage capacity of the system to as many as 76,800TB site.
All versions of UnixWare 7 includes VERITAS Volume Maneger (VxVMTM) version of the foundation can provide disk access and disk Unfortunately (spannig). Link the data to be assigned to one or more sub-linear manner sites. The site is not necessarily adjacent to the connecting elements may also belong to different VM disk. VM disk using different site link, also known as the son gave up. When any one of the adjacent disk space is insufficient, can link multiple disk son. This link can also be used to load balance between the disk head movement and special disk optimization. VxFSTM File System support for Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) on the user disk quotas, it will be pre-allocated to the users quota VxFS file system. The quota system limits the two main resources : paper documents and data areas. A management system for the allocation of resources for each user quotas.
Visual Administrator (VxVMTM) can easily allocation and management of all functions, or the Volume Manager graphical user interface.
4.3 reliability of the key business
Although such changes in the core operating system for many years, but in key business environment have proved the reliability and quality of software systems. System so that users can feel the new hardware technology and the advantages of further improvements have been made, such as revising the Storage Device adapter (SDI) subsystems so that it can support hierarchical storage drives, which makes this drive alone is no longer a function of the joints, for example, in order to prevent I/O the request of switching equipment. Now SDI can provide a set of precise, to support this version of the adapter driver.
To prevent accidents failure to improve usability of the system, UnixWare 7 VxFS file system used is called "internal log" tracking function, which is deposited in the document before the disk storage. This system failures in the event of an accident, they can inspect and repair complex document systems by reducing the time to speed up the restoration process. Such a high degree of integrity of the file system is to provide enhanced through the use of regional distribution of the performance. UnixWare 7, in the future, these services can also monitor disk and online data management to provide a higher level of data integrity and storage capacity. UnixWare 7 and disk mirroring (Disk Mirroring) and the Online Data Manager also provides the advanced version of the Volume Manager and VxFS (Volume Maneger) the entire software RAID (grade 0, 1 and 5). These will be "optional services" for some further discussions. UnixWare 7 supports the UPS monitoring APIs equipped with a UPS subsystem, the subsystem can be assured when the power failure to continue to operate.
4.3.1 play, and the failure to overcome the heat exchange
Presented here can support new products I/O subsystem hardware technology, the introduction of new hardware technology to improve the availability and fault-tolerant systems. DDIv8 memory subsystem can support the Plug and Play device driver, when he wrote for Driver, fault-line replacement parts, and they do not need to set up core of the system is not closed. UnixWare 7 also supports hot swap SCSI storage equipment. SCSI hot swap function allows the operating system from being added and removed the SCSI storage equipment (hard disks, tape drives, CD-ROM drive). Some useful features include :
Replacement of faulty equipment and maintain high availability storage
Less frequently used in the system of mobile equipment (such as tape drives)
Mobile disk drive makes the systems to speed up data transmission
7 Hot Swap support from Compaq PCI:UnixWare development standards, including PCI Unlike other equipment on the industry standard PCI expansion of the independent board. This makes system management device in a "hot" or state under this system running board replacement. If the system in operation UnixWare 7 Hot Swap PCI, PCI adapter cards can be charged insertion, removal and Live Live.
Multichannel I/O : This technique used to install the replacement disk storage paths to prevent passage of a single IO system failure. When the HBA out to achieve high availability of equipment failure. Controller failure, the system will change to another path I/O upswing.
4.3.2 UnixWare 7 clusters
Provide more concentrated in the network and server solutions, networks and servers should, as far as possible, to minimize the disruption caused by the fault. UnixWare 7 Cluster software provides automatic fault overcome function, thereby increasing the availability of applications and services. Require high availability solutions, customers can choose to selection of products UnixWare 7 Reliant HA1.1 using clustering technology to achieve the restoration of fault systems and applications. Applications running under the Reliant HA failures encountered in the process, they would turn to another system to the cluster. Reliant HA with high gain, the failure can be completely restored (failover), but can not change the procedures for application installed. It is a standard, widely used SCSI storage equipment to interconnect Ethernet standards. See more about the function of this part of the optional service.
4.4 Java technology with the advanced functions of the Internet
7 new UnixWare operating system functions to provide a complete Internet server, the integration of the industry leading Netscape FastTrack ServerTM famous Internet server, it can provide a full range of online services. For Intranet deployment in their enterprise networks within the scope of the network database server or application, UnixWare 7 Intranet version includes a pre-packaged high scalability servers These include Netscape Directory Server and Netscape Enterprise Server TM3.5 TM3.0, as seven other UnixWare version of the optional service.
Use UnixWare 7 server, users may use the industry leading Netscap browser. According to the use of different versions of the system, including the Netscape Navigator or Netscape CommunicatorTM can also be updated version of the browser. GoldTM as Netscape Navigator and Netscape Communicator GoldTM, including tool. The use of these tools, users not only get information on the World Wide Web or Intranet, the website can be quickly generated to the user releases the information.
Netscape server set up to provide a safe environment in which to some, may be on the increase, and easy to administer Internet server platforms, including through Secure Sockets Lager SSL 3.0 protocol to achieve encryption and authentication of the transaction. Contents of the document or click through Web Server management and access control to achieve the protection of the visit.
Java 4.4.1
Java technology is able to support different network computing and the client one of the key new technologies. 7 contains SCO UnixWare operating system for the Java Development Kit (JDK) version 1.1.3. This product makes it possible to fully implement the Sun Microsystems Java development tools 1.1.3. Rather, it allows an OEM and ISV developers can and Java applet development and operation procedures, and comply with Java 1.1 Core API. 7 UnixWare operating system initialization of the system loading (ISL) JDK113 automatically installed.
It also includes Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Developers can use a centralized network for the entire application functional programming language Java, or use for the purpose of rapid formation process based on Java technology and the language JavaScriptTM or three tools is the fastest and most effective implementation of the insertion Server API, or CGI (common gateway interface). Intranet version of the package includes a Web link to JDBC Database Integration, and makes the browser user database application directly linked.
UnixWare and OpenServer Develop CD kit includes Java Development Kit (JDK). "UnixWare and OpenServer Develop kit" were described in detail in this section of the JDK. Rather, the Java technology more information, please visit http://www.sco.com/java.
Client 4.5 arbitrary visit
UnixWare 7 out-of-the-box support UNIX workstations, Windows PC, NC, ASCII terminals and other equipment to support these types of customers need to install software on the server or client. Users can price / performance flexibility to choose the most appropriate client, it has made the creation and business applications visit has nothing to do with the client, to enable users to the standard browser from any other place (webtop) interface access.
4.5.1 Webtop and Tarantella
UnixWare 7 includes the Tarantella technology, a form of a network-based desktop browser, as Webtop. The system also includes user services such views may carry the Webtop? Individuals in the development and use of applications on the personal website. This Webtop can be further expanded to the target users and management (application procedures, documentation, etc.), and dynamic generation of a web page to display this information. The website could include intelligent Java applet procedures, and performance for graphic icon. When users click the icon of these Java, the application will issue an enforcement order or browse the document.
UnixWare 7 are included in every version designed for managers from any browser management Tarantella realized. Tarantella as the addition of the optional service, is the first network computing applications brokers (Application Broker). Tarantella users with access from any client of existing and new applications, without having to install any software on the customer premises equipment. See more details of the optional service Tarantella.
4.5.2 CDE and X11R6
Standardization of the public for the desktop environment (CDE), UnixWare 7 applications including desktop and the CDE, Panorama desktop. This table is based on the pmwm Window management wants to set GUI Program with environment.
XWindows graphics system is based on the X11 version 6.1, which is the latest version of the industry standard Xwindows. In order to increase the basis of previous versions of the operating and maintenance functions, adding a new function system kernel, such as support DOUBLE-BUFFER, 4:137-139, SHAPE, SYNC, XC-MISC, and XInputExtension XKEYBOARD. Those X NetWare applications and the need to support the agreement, this version of X IPX/SPX Connection support. Version 5.0 of the X-SCO OpenServer and UnixWare users binary compatibility, the new XWindows system to continue to support the old X applications.
4.6 multimedia ready (Multi-Ready)
Real-time multimedia network server inadmissible
UnixWare 7 and Netscape RealNetworksTM includes multimedia components, can provide a powerful network multimedia services. RealNetworksTM 5.0 is a client / server mode, the flow of media, including audio-visual intervals for the RealPlayerTM, it is the release of data and multimedia services on the tool. Its features include animation and high-quality audio-visual and pay for the plan by the directional characteristics and advertising insert business.
All versions include all UnixWare 7 with 10 data flow RealNetworksTM Basic Server 5.0 and RealPlayer5.0 PlusTM. UnixWare 7 with 10 Intranet version includes data flow RealSystemTM Media Server 5.0 Server and Netscape. When the transmission of data flow, UnixWare 7 IP communication can be more effective use of network bandwidth for the site, designated by allowing complex application procedures, or even address traffic transmission to achieve a specific purpose. The data in the network do not want to do to prevent the spread of all systems.
4.6.2 enhanced graphics and sound support
When customers want the most advanced audio-visual products for the efficient generation graphical desktop system, UnixWare 7 so that it becomes easy. SCOadmin configuration management through the use of its audio-visual devices, and digital sound card installed and configured graphics adapter to achieve. Several on UnixWare 7 will support accelerated graphics processor (AGP) card standard. According to the card, UnixWare 7 shows the use of high-resolution graphics acceleration functions and advantages. Through advanced detection equipment and testing automatic distribution of high-resolution graphics equipment. For the sound card, a graphics SCOadmin manager can install and configure the necessary software and actuators. System configuration can support more monitors, the main consoles able to deploy more equipment, especially in technology, design or financial applications.
UnixWare 7声音驱动是基于UNIX系统的开放声音系统OSS，可支持下列声卡：
· 数字/模拟转换设备。数字声音文件可转换成模拟信号播放，而模拟信号可以数字方式储存
· 用于放音乐的合成器
· MIDI(音乐设备数字化界面)，可将外部电子音乐设备与计算机相连
UnixWare 7还是播放和记录声音数据的必要工具 ? scosound是一种播放和记录声音的图形工具和命令工具，如合成器、vplay和vrec，可分别用于选择输入/输出设备、播放声音文件和记录声音。
4.7 广泛的网络协同能力
为了支持各种用户和现存的传统环境，UnixWare 7包括了大量的协议和最先进的网络技术，且改进了现存协议使其遵从最先进的标准(RFC)、提高了性能、增加同时的在线连接数、提供较高的网络带宽和数据传输速率。
4.7.1 新网络协议和服务
UnixWare 7包括一个新的SCO PPP工具，它能提供多连接支持、压缩和支持高达256个的连接数。这种PPP工具遵循RFC1332(Internet协议的控制协议(IPCP))、RFC1333(连接质量监测(LQM))、RFC1334(PPP认证协议)、RFC1548(点到点协议(PPP))、RFC1618(PPP over ISDN)、RFC1962(压缩控制协议(CCP))和RFC1990(多连接协议(MP))。
UnixWare 7还包括了一系列新的网络工具和最新版本的网络服务。其中一些是动态主机配置协议(DHCP)、地址分配服务、调用过滤并自动检测拨入PPP的连接服务器。SCO DHCP按照RFC1534、RFC1542、RFC2131和RFC2132中定义的来执行动态主机配置协议的服务器信息。现存服务的新版本包括：Gated 3.5.3、BIND4.9.4、NTP 3.5和FTPD WU 2.4.2。
当网络需要扩展或业务需要与Internet相联时，子网和路由就变得非常重要。UnixWare 7中加入了对新路由协议的支持，这是Internet和网络计算的最关键的功能。其中一些是：OSPFv2、RIPv2和IGMPv2，多路传播和路由发现也同样可以实现。所有的这些都意味着TCP/IP现在遵从RFC1122/1123、RFC1583、RFC1256和RFC1323的定义。因此，增加的IP多路传播能使应用程序和服务指向通讯数据流的多个目的地上。本版本中还包括了BSD Ipv6 API，用于将来与新一代IP协议IPv6的兼容。
NetBIOS协议堆栈现在可支持多于1024个连接和多个接口。它还为NetBIOS的名称提供了名字解释支持，并按RFC1001/1002将NetBIOS名称服务器(WINS)的功能包括了进去。系统中还包括了最新的NetWare协议堆栈，包括：SAP、NCP扩展、IPX和SPX/SPXII，以及NetWare over IP、NWIP。
4.7.2 高速LAN和WAN
为了支持标准的Ethernet和Token Ring网络，UnixWare 7中包括了几种工业上领先的Fast Ethernet、FDDI和100Mbit Ethernet网卡的驱动，从而可以使高带宽LANs的配置实现。非插入性网卡的重启(restart)和故障克服(faklouer)是新的高可用性基础的一部分，从而能帮助运行设备的维护，并支持热插拔适配器。因此，可以显著地减少停机时间，也可以在升级时利用新网卡的优点而无需中断系统。
对于希望用WANs解决连接地域性分布服务器问题的用户，UnixWare 7能支持快速Modem连接，也包括支持新的56.6Kb Modem以及通过ISDN连接的数字传输。ISDN提供声音和数据网络，而UnixWare 7支持基本速率接口(BRI)ISDN服务，由两个64K B-通道和一个16K D-通道组成。ISDN工具的基础是CAPI标准，并能在MDI数据流构架中使用。
在16650UART芯片的支持下，系统间的串行连接无论是直接连接还是用拨号Modem连接，都可达到115.2Kbps的传输速度。Modem的功能已被大大地增强了，且在大多数情况下能自动识别1000多种Modem。
所有有关网络资源的核心参数的调整均是动态的，过去只能由管理员才能设定网络资源的限制，现在可通过使用网络管理器得到了改变。随着网络的通讯量和用户的增加，系统会自动增加资源的分配而无需重新连接核心和重新启动。在RFC1323中所定义的高性能扩展也被包含在其中，PPP能用多路结群，从而在多路连接的情况下，大大提高了远程连接的用户量。PPP利用了快速Modem和快速ISDN设备的所有优点。
4.7.3 简易LAN和远程访问配置
现在网络子系统各方面的配置都可以用一套图形管理器轻易地完成。图形管理器是SCOadmin的一部分。用网络配置管理器设置LAN和WAN硬件及协议堆栈，用串行和调制解调器配置管理器设置远程连接，用PPP管理器设PPP，从而可轻易地实现网络硬件和协议的设置。
网络服务的设置，如： NIS、NTP和DNS域名服务，FTP匿名服务、拨入拨出和路由设置，均可通过点击图形SCOadmin管理器来配置。
网络中的新站点的IP地址分配，现在可通过地址分配服务器(Address Allocation Server)自动实现。DHCP大大减少分配和管理IP地址的管理开支，从而轻易地满足远程和移动用户。
从远程的低成本字符设备上访问UnixWare7也变的容易了，如从使用低速串口线的终端上访问。
4.7.4 SNMP和网络管理
系统中包括了SNMP，提供了代理和管理站两种功能。SNMP企业管理系统能管理新的UnixWare服务器，也可以监视网络中的其它站点。通过使用SCO SNMP工具，网络管理器能收集类似于路由入口、接口状态和协议统计等信息。
SNMP代理管理器是一种能简化SNMP配置的图形界面。它支持标准的MIB-11(RFC 1213)、IP Forwarding Table MIB(RFC 1354)、类Ethernet界面MIB(RFC 1398)、IEEE802.5 Token-Rings MIB (RFC 1253)、BGP MIB(RFC 1269)。它同样支持所有的SNMP Multiplexing(SMUX)群中的对象。
4.8 文件和打印服务
4.8.1 UNIX文件和打印共享
UnixWare 7通过NFS提供分布式的文件系统功能。支持PCNFS的客户端，可与其它系统或运行PCNFS的PC客户端进行文件共享。UnixWare 7中的NFS为版本2。NFS在系统内可被设置成动态装载模式(DLM)，这样在系统运行的过程中可加载和卸载NFS。
打印子系统是基于LP的打印服务，包括支持本地的、拨号式的和网络方式的打印，还包括HP网络打印机。使用这种打印机的子系统，用户还可使用同一网络中的NetWare打印机。UnixWare7提供了增强打印任务和打印机的管理能力，包括增强了用户控制、设置打印机等级和制定打印机配置的能力。为了提高打印管理能力的等级，这种打印子系统可与其它基于SVR4技术的系统一起使用，如SUN和SGI。
4.8.2 Windows连通性
Windows PC的用户通过SCO VisionFSTM所提供的技术可轻易访问UNIX中的资源。某些UnixWare 7版本中包含了这种Windows文件和打印服务，也可作为UnixWare 7的可选服务。
当UnixWare 7服务器中的Windows文件和打印服务能使用后，所有网络中的Windows PC都可持久的透明的访问UNIX文件和打印。Windows客户端不需要安装另外的软件就能通过文件管理器和网络邻居进入VisionFS服务器。这种服务的管理可从UnixWare 7控制台上或Windows用户用SCO VisionFS管理器来实现。
通过高级文件和打印服务器(AFPS)产品，UnixWare 7也提供Windows NT文件和打印服务。由于为Windwos NT与UNIX系统集成而设计，装了AFPS的UnixWare 7系统能实现域控制器支持，从企业范围的子网中就可以进行访问。SCO VisionFS适用于工作组环境，而AFPS则更适用于大环境或那些需要与NT服务器完美结合的情况。AFPS还带有强大的图形管理工具，可以从Windows客户端上运行Windows NT服务器管理工具。
4.8.3 NetWare服务
建立在UnixWare系统与NetWare环境强大的协同性的条件下，UnixWare 7中包括了最新版的NetWare文件、打印和目录服务，从而使UnixWare 7系统可参与NetWare的网络工作。从其它站点上用户可看见NDS目录。用户要使用这一功能访问NetWare的服务，需要有单独的NetWare 服务4.10 可选服务的许可证，服务包括：
· UnixWare环境中的NetWare 4.10文件、打印和目录服务
· 支持Novell 目录服务 4.1， NDS TM API和Novell 跨平台服务(Novell Cross Platform Services)
· DOS、Windows、Windows 95、UNIX、MacTM、NCPTM和OS/2用户
一个新增加的功能是在IP连接上运行NetWare服务(NetWare Service over IP)，也就是使用NWIP在IP上对IPX进行打包来完成。这种协议让NetWare服务器和客户端的用户使用TCP/IP作为他们的通讯协议，或者也同时使用IPX/SPX。
4.9 目录服务
4.9.1 LDAP目录服务
一个值得注意的新增加的功能是对轻型目录访问协议(LDAP)作为应用程序来访问目录服务的支持。LDAP是一种目录服务协议，它定义在RFC1777中，以TCP/IP方式运行。目录结构的对象如：人员、打印机或文件，均以树型结构分布，以地理位置和组织边界划分。所有的UnixWare 7版本中都包括一个基本的LDAP目录服务，可以支持复制和分配目录服务。
应用程序可用这种协议查询一个LDAP目录服务器，尽管也有办法将LDAP服务器作为到其它目录服务器的网关，如NDS。在新的UnixWare系统中用到这些功能的应用程序是邮件和消息系统。对于Netscape邮件用户，使用者可用LDAP服务器定位组织内的人的电子邮件的地址定位。
LDAP使访问X.500目录变的容易对于许多正在开发中的LDAP客户端来源，仍需一个完整的X.500服务来获取数据。
除了在操作系统中提供LDAP服务器外，为企业的级的Web服务选择UnixWare 7 Intranet版本的客户，或者为邮件和消息选择UnixWare 7消息版本的客户，都能获得全套功能的Netscape 目录服务3.0。此目录服务器是LDAPv3工具，它包括用于建立的目录LDAP API。它与WWW、Messaging服务器以及Netscape 服务器 的Suitespot-line都紧密地集成在一起。在可选服务部分对作为付加的可选择的服务的Netscape目录服务器3.0作了进一步的说明。
4.9.2 NetWare目录服务
正如在NetWare服务中所提到的，UnixWare 7能支持NetWare目录服务4.1。NetWare目录服务(NDS)是一种面向对象的目录服务工具，能使你在网络中生成复杂的名称组合和数据库。NDS提供了对所有网络资源的全球性访问，而不用考虑资源的物理位置，从而形成单一的信息系统。NetWare目录服务与国际标准X5.00一致。此版本提供的几种强有力的特点，包括：
· 单点管理：通过将整个网络的每个资源保持一个统一的标准，NDS可简单地、节省费用地管理整个网络及其资源，
· 高级的安全性：NDS包括先进的RSA公共钥匙加密系统，有可对网络资源进行加密和单一登入认证等安全特性
· 复制和分配：支持NDS数据库复制并生成一个容错系统，从而确保网络系统中没有任何单点故障
目录的同步复制是自动实现的，无需任何管理的介入。
· 伸缩性体系：它是以模块方式设计的，满足任何网络的大小及类型。也就是说，当体系发生改变，需更多的资源和服务时，或缩小规模以满足更多专门的需要时，网络的体系和管理仍保持不变。
4.10 邮件和信息
UnixWare 7的管理器可在SCO内置邮件服务器，它包含在所有的UnixWare版本中和Netscape Messaging Server 捆绑在UnixWare7 Messaging版本中3.5之间进行选择。UnixWare 7的邮件和消息子系统与先前版本相比有了很大的提高，主要是在Mail Transport Agent (MTA)方面和Mail User Agent(MUA)技术方面都有了提高。
4.10.1 Base-line Multi-home Sendmail邮件服务
Sendmail是新的UnixWare邮件系统的缺省MTA。它控制从系统中进出信息的传送，并支持本地的、网络化的(SMTP)和拨号式(UUCP)的邮件传递。服务器也支持Multi-homing，也就是说，它也可作为到达网络上其它服务器的邮件网关。Multi-homing使你能在自己的系统中建立多个虚拟域，于是(例如)你可在一个邮件服务器上容纳几个公司或部门(以及他们相关的电子邮件地址)。使用虚拟域用户管理器(Virtual Domain User Manger)可以很容易地设置这些功能。
SCOadmin邮件管理器是系统上或在其它的具有远程管理功能的系统上设置和管理Serdmail的主要工具。系统还允许通过使用邮件处理过滤器来自动处理收到的邮件。任何桌面都可获得一个Vocation Manager，它允许用户长时间不在的情况下自动回复邮件。同时系统还提供一个邮件夹恢复工具，称作mfck，帮助用户恢复损坏的邮件夹。
4.10.1.1 伸缩消息存储
增加了可伸缩消息存储是一个关键的改进。SendMail和邮件用户代理使用的消息存储，使邮件系统全部操作性能的得到了提高，还使一个服务器能支持更多数量的邮件用户。其它改进包括：支持RFC1123 v8、支持RFC1651和RFC1653中定义的扩展SMTP，以及部分支持RFC1652。
4.10.1.2 远程邮件存取和多媒体信息
用户可使用一系列的基于字符、图形和浏览器方式的MUAs，所有的这些都能通过支持MIME而发送和接收大量的数据。Netscape Mail、mail/mialx、pine和dtamil均作为标准邮件代理和阅读器。是为Internet邮件和新闻设计的屏幕定向、信息处理工具。
领先的邮件存取协议IMAP3和POP3支持客户的连接。这使得远程和移动的用户可以轻易地从Windows laptops和远程的桌面中读取邮件。MAPI DLL使Microsoft MAPI兼容的能以真正的客户/服务器模式与SCO服务器相联，且主机上仍保留邮件夹。为了进一步使用远程邮件功能，系统同样允许与Microsoft MAPI兼容的客户端（如Microsoft Outlook和Exchange）通过从LDAP到SCO的目录服务查找地址簿。
4.10.2 Netscape Messaging Server 3.5
对于需要配置一个专用的部门或企业的邮件服务器的客户，UnixWare 7从Netscape上集成了业界领先的邮件和信息发送技术。Netscape Messaging Server 3.5可作为附加的产品，在UnixWare 7Messaging 版本中则是集成部分。
作为一个全功能的、高可伸缩性的邮件和消息发送服务器，UnixWare 7 Messaging版本还具有增强的邮件服务器管理、安全性、网络服务器和目录服务器集成等特点。对于不熟悉的SendMail或UNIX系统的管理员，界面友好的WWW和电子邮件管理，使Messaging服务器的安装、设定和日常管理都变得简单了。对管理和用户任务的SSL支持等强大的安全特性可以确保私人隐私，而同时X.509数字认证服务使得服务器能用于大多数的安全机构和电子商务应用中。HTML Express Mail 功能使用户能从标准的WWW浏览器上访问他们的邮件服务。
UnixWare 7 Messaging版本中还包括了Netscape LDAP工具和Netscape目录服务器3.0，而Netscape目录服务器3.0又使得管理员能容易地为外部和内部接触生成集中目录。使用支持LDAP标准的邮件客户端软件，如Netscape Communicarer和Netscape Navigator浏览器，可以很容易地访问这些目录。
4.11 远程管理和系统管理
系统管理环境主要通过SCOadmin实现，它是由面向对象的SCO Visul TclTM语言写成。SCO Visul Tcl可以是字符显示，也可作为XWindows显示的图形使用界面，从而可以从任何字符终端或图形客户端对系统进行管理。集成的Tarantella功能使得SCOadmin能从浏览器内，或从任意基于浏览器的客户端上运行。这使得UnixWare 7服务器可从任何地方进行管理，但需要具有与使用现存远程登录同样高级别的安全性。
4.11.1 图形管理器
SCOadmin中包括50多个图形管理器，能方便地管理各种子系统以及系统资源和系统服务。例如，使用新的文件系统管理器，管理员可增加新的文件系统，把它作为共享资源，并通过GUI查看它的挂接（Mount）状态。
类似地，如图所示，通过直观的SCOadmin管理器可很容易的添加当地、远程或网络打印机。
UnixWare 7 还提供一个全图形 的自动和无人值守的备份管理系统即 ARCserve/Open。该系统包括备份和恢复管理器，它是一种用于自动备份，以及队列管理和汇报系统的所有的备份/恢复功能的自动引导机(Auto Pilot)。根据UnixWare 7版本的不同，系统提供广泛的备份和恢复方式和组合，可以只备份你的UnixWare 服务器，或同时备份UnixWare服务器和其它服务器(包括非UnixWare系统)，甚至是整个网络上的客户机。SCO ARCserve/Open可作为可选服务提供，在可选服务部分有更详细的说明。
4.11.2 SCOadmin安装引导
此部分介绍了Setup Wizards的概念。例如，SCOadmin Setup Wizards能很容易的授权谁有权使用SCOadmin管理器。SCOadmin通过让管理者指定哪个远程用户可访问系统，从而简化了远程进入的设定和管理。新的Intranet管理器提供了对那些可以加以管理的本地网络节点的分层浏览。
4.11.3 主机群(Host Group)管理
UNIX系统的远程管理能力一直是个重要特性，管理员通过UnixWare 7能够利用拨号或网络连接管理远程服务器。产品增强特点是对主机组概念的补充。主机组允许在网络内进行SCOadmin操作的复制。可以通过在列表中选择机器名或用各种过滤器进行搜寻从网络上选择远程服务器。一个主机组内可用这种方式管理的服务器可达50个。为确保安全操作，管理者可让远程管理功能生效或不生效。
4.11.4 分布式系统管理
用户可在一个新的Intranet管理器上看到一个可管理的本地网络节点的缺省表。管理者可调整这一列表并利用这一功能手动生成网络拓朴的分层结构。若一个节点无法到达，管理员将会收到一个警告。通过一个图形的易于使用的界面，可以查看/设定/得到SNMP MIB的属性，以及基于存储在主机资源MIB信息的基础上(见企业网络管理)生成站点群的硬件或软件资产跟踪报告。
4.11.5 系统跟踪
本系统包括了审计和帐户系统资源的用法。例如，连接帐户能定义用户登录多长时间、获得tty端口或系统重新启动的次数的信息。进程帐户能跟踪系统运行的每一个进程的数据，同时将收集每个用户在磁盘上文件的数据。系统还允许设定用于访问特殊的服务的记费方法，如文件恢复或通过保留服务一个帐号的程序进行远程打印等特殊服务。
4.11.6 改进系统分析和性能监视工具
UnixWare 7提供了一套图形工具，系统监视器能让你以图形方式显示并跟踪系统的活动信息。包括的信息有：CPU用法、剩余内存、自由块、页面调度和交换区。可在系统监视器内设一警报，当系统低于或高于所选资源的某一限值后，就发出警告。实时性能监视器(rtpm)是一种交互和屏幕方式的工具，提供性能的实时显示。也可进一步记录系统有效数据后用于计划容量和系统分析。可用 sar 命令查看数据，或用sadc工具在指定路径上自动存盘。UnixWare 7的Kernel Profilting 可以让你知道操作系统把时间花在何处。
系统还提供了一个用于记录运行事件的来源等级工具(source-level instrumentation，包括DEBUG、内存泄漏、内存出错、锁定分层检查和锁定统计。这使得系统管理者获得更多的诊断信息，从而可以在解决软件问题时了解内核发生了那些变化。新的Crash命令为生成dump summaries,selective dumping , generic sforage dumping 提供了一种批处理模式，并支持大物理内存，这对于需大量RAM配置的大系统特别有用。
4.11.7 企业级系统管理
UnixWare 7也有一些来自第三方的企业级系统管理软件，覆盖了企业级系统管理的所有方面。包括业界领先的来自于CA的UniCenter TNG和Tivoli TME 。 例如， TNG 提供 了全 集成 管理 方案，覆盖了网络发现、拓朴、操作性能、事件和状态、安全、软件分布、储存、工作负载、帮助信息、改变管理和用于混合企业的其它功能。
4.12 安全性
UnixWare 7对操作环境的各方面都有特别强健的安全服务，它是按C2级认证设计的并包括B2级标准扩充，能满足大多数政府和企业系统安全要求的需要。
4.12.1 预设定安全等级
设保安措施很容易，可从现有的几个配置文件中选一个。安全配置文件是一套预设置的参数值，从而控制系统的安全行为。如：密码有多长、用户有什么权利等。用SCOadmin安全配置文件管理器(Security Profiee Manager)，管理者可以选择不同的配置文件。预设置等级包括：
· high，针对包含机密文件，可由许多用户登录的系统
· Improved，针对由一组可共享信息的用户登录的系统
· Traditional，用于与其它UNIX系统兼容的系统
· Low，建议用于不能公开访问和只有少数用户的系统
用户以后也可以通过配置文件改变安全等级。
4.12.2 多等级存取控制
UnixWare 7借助于下列特点，提供了一套安全操作环境
· 身份人证和鉴定 (I denification and authertication)
· 存取控制(Access Control List )
· 最少 限度的特权/信托管理(Trusted Facility Administration)
· 审计
信托管理工具(TFM)提供了一种手段来保持一个有关用户及其有权使用的命令级的数据库。TFM使命令本身不在有固定的特权。这种方法使特权按照用户的需要分配。信托子系统可为所选的管理者制定管理角色，不同的管理者可充当各自的角色。这种将管理职责划分成不同的角色的方法，可减少烂用管理权力的机会。
4.12.3 系统审计
系统提供了广泛灵活的审计功能，用于记录有可能影响计算机系统安全行为的信息。审计子系统是以事件为基础的系统，每当审计事件发生后，数据就被记录了下来。当审计功能记录下任何用户的任何可能破坏的系统安全性。对于每一次活动，审计行为记录下足够这些活动的有关信息、具体时间、对象或卷入的系统源，以及它是否成功还是失败。
4.12.4 Internet和Intranet安全性
为了增强远程登录的安全性，系统增加了IP包过滤器和TCP打包功能。IP包过滤器还支持用于远程连接的PPP和用于局域网的MDI驱动器。通过在Internet网关上设置包过滤器来控制进出网站包类型，显著增强了网络抵抗非授权登录的安全能力。包过滤器的构架是更多专业安全服务的基础，如防火墙和电子商务包。帐户管理的指令遵守POSIX 1387.3。
通过让管理员行使更多的对inetd服务特权的控制，TCP打包功能增强了UnixWare 7中的安全性能。通过这种嵌入式的工具箱，管理员能记录活动，甚至当电子邮件中出现了可疑点时能自动提示。
Netscape Navigator中提供了Secure Sockets Layer(SSL 3.0)协议这种额外的安全特性，通过下列特性使服务器进行Internet通讯时能确保安全：
· 服务器验证
· Privacy using encryption
· 数据的完整性
4.13 广泛的标准支持
对于UnixWare 7，除了最先进的Internet、Java、messaging和目录等标准，SCO还提供了一套最广泛的开放系统(Open System)标准，它们包括：
· SCO UnixWare 版本 2.1 二进制(程序)
· SCO OpenServer 版本 5 二进制
· SCO XENIX 二进制
· pkgadd和自定义格式
支持的二进制的标准包括：
· UNIX 95 (未认证)，XPG4
· SV ABl，iABl，iAB+
· iBCS2
· COFF
· ELF
· ICCCM
· SCO DDI
· 邮件发送
其它标准包括：
· POSIX.1，POSIX.2 和 POSIX.4
· ISO 9945-1:1990
· IEEE Std 1003.1:1990
· XPG4
· SVID3
· FIPS 151-2
· ISO/IEC 9899:1990
· XBSS
· NCSC C2(未认证)
支持的网络标准包括：
· TCPIPv6 APIs
· SMTP
· ISDN支持
· DHCP服务器
· LDAP
· IMAP4
· POP3
· MIME
4.14 国际环境的本地化
UnixWare 7系统是一种国际化的操作系统，它能支持许多不同的语言和文字环境。它能用多字节字符表示，也可用非ASCII字符单字节表示。它支持从左到右的EUC，8位和UTF8编码语言。由于超过200种地域控制和30个键盘控制，它可以将国际化的应用程序以不同的编码方式输入、显示字符打印。UnixWare7目前可得到英文、日语、法语、德语和西班牙语版。使用本地化工具可轻易地加入对其它语言的支持。
4.14.1 新的支持语言
UnixWare 7为支持国际化使用了一个基于本地(locale-based)的模式，并支持MNLS和XPG4 APIsd。基于本地的模式是将用户能看到的所有文本都放在一个与二进制文件分开的单独文件中。用户可使用本地语言，而这种语言通常是随LANG环境的变化定义的。OS是以8位的方式编辑的，也就是说，所有能用8位字符从左往右表达的国家和语言，都可以用UnixWare 7。另外，能用EUC(扩展UNIX字符)码设定的语言也能用UnixWare 7。EUC也可进一步支持Unicode的UTF8编码。Shift-JIS和大5码目前不包括在内。
4.15 软件安装和管理
系统采用是标准的UNIX系统安装工具pkgadd。由于pkgadd广泛使用在基于UNIX系统的SVR4技术中，交互和非交互安装方式都能使用。还有一个图形应用安装器，能在交互的方式下安装软件、补丁和应用程序。系统还能让你把软件先放到硬盘上，把真正的安装推迟到以后进行。软件包可以从CD-ROM、盒式磁带机、磁盘或网络上安装。本系统还提供了安装其它UNIX系统软件的工具，如cpio、custom和tar。
4.15.1 远程安装
当需要在许多机器上或一个网络的许多站点上安装相同的软件包时，网络安装就非常有用了。有了网络安装就不需要将介质从一个站点移到另一个站点上了。在网络上就可以完成整个UnixWare系统的安装。这样，系统软件安装的效率就提高了，特别适用于对于没有CD-ROM或盒式磁带机驱动的情况。
4.15.2 集中式的"安装服务器"
可以用安装服务器将软件"分段"，这样网络中的其它系统就可以用它进行SCO UnixWare的系统或特定软件包的网络安装。安装服务器是一种 SCO UnixWare服务器，能为网络中的其它系统提供软件产品和软件包。安装服务器设置完后，网络内其它机器上的软件安装就可以接着进行了。
5. UnixWare 和 OpenServer开发工具(UDK)
UnixWare 7提供给开发者完美的平台，用于生成强大的新的应用程序，这些程序可充分利用UnixWare 7系统中新特点的优点，对于那些要开发64位应用程序或进行实验研究的开发人员，UnixWare 7同样是个优秀平台。开发环境包括一个固定的APIS包、64位就绪的库和编译器，以及能进行大量应用程序和系统开发的基本技术工具。SCO 一贯强调保护用户的投资，该开发包设计成能兼容现存的应用程序和旧的结构(Infrastructure)，UnixWare 7的软件开发环境称作UnixWare and OpenServer Development Kit (UDK)。它作为独立的开发平台提供给可以在以下几种SCO操作系统产品中运行的应用程序（限制在公共APIs的字集中）。
· SCO UnixWare 2.1 x
· SCO OpenServer版本5.0.0、5.0.2和5.0.4
· SCO UnixWare 7
除了作为统一平台的优越性之外，它还为SCO的开发商提供了如下优点：
· UDK将SCO OpenServer版本5与SCO UnixWare 2.1.X APIs合并
· 为三个SCO平台提供了一套开发工具而不需多花再培训费
· 开发商可将新版UnixWare的优点用于SCO OpenServer，如UNIX95 APIs和C++扩展名
· 用UnixWare 7 UDK开发的应用程序，若它是用精确定义的UnixWare系统界面子集写的，则可在SCO OpenServer版本5或SCO UnixWare 2.1.X系统中执行
UDK是用二进制兼容模块(BCMs)来实现这一点的，BCMs允许SCO OpenServer版本5和SCO UnixWare 2.1.X系统在UnixWare 7 UDK开发的子集应用程序中使用。UDK本身是在SCO UnixWare 2.1.1、SCO OpenServer版本5.0.4和UnixWare 7中安装和使用的。UnixWare and OpenServer Development Kit (UDK)为开发商提供了用于编写、调试、包装和维护软件的工具和实用程序：
· C汇编系统：遵循ANSI标准C，还包括一些调试程序、配置文件和其它编程员使用的工具
· C++汇编系统：包括预处理器、编译器、汇编程序和链接编辑器。还包括C++名称过滤器(name filter demangler)、C++插入码设备(patch utility)和C++预连接阶段(prelink phase)。cc(1)命令自动调用这些部件，除非直接从原码中生成一个可执行的C++程序。可支持long long和无符号的long long类型，代表64位有符号和无符号的整数。
· 增强的调试程序：它是一个图形化的、符号化的、资源级调试程序，可调试单一的、多线程的和多处理器的应用程序。它有一个易懂的命令集，可控制多个进程并对复杂的表达式求值。使用者可以控制程序的执行并检查它的状态，从而发现使用程序的错误。
· Profiling Utilites：它是分析程序动态行为的工具：速度有多快、有多经常、它的一部分代码什么时候执行。prof是一个时间配置文件，iprof是逐行(liretoline)频率配置文件，fprof是流量和时间配置文件，这些都包括在里面了。
· 内核调试程序：它是设备驱动的调试程序。kdb显示内核堆栈轨迹和各种内核结构，且可以更改内存、I/O和寄存器内容。
· Visual Tcl：它使用Tool Command Lauguagt编写应用程序的工具，能以图形(配OSF/Motif)或字符方式(配CHARM)显示。SCO Visual Tcl是对Tcl的一套扩展版，它允许编写从简单的应用程序，如电话本，到高级的复杂应用程序，如SCOadmin软件管理器。每个包含SCO OpenServer的SCOadmin管理器都是用SCO Visual Tcl编写的。Tcl已从Tcl7.3升到了Tcl7.6，并加入了新的功能如：事件处理、定时器和Socket支持。
· Java开发工具： 它是一种面向对象的、分布式的、独立于平台与厂商的编程语言和执行环境。
UDK使得开发商将应用程序从早期的UNIX系统向前推进了一步，同时使应用程序更容易把握，也使商业数据处理从大型机或Windows系统移向SCO变动更容易。它还为基于ABI的ELF SRV4技术、iBCS2和UNIX95兼容以及多字节EUC提供了基本的支持。它新增加的特点包括：支持64位数据类型的long编译器、DWARF2支持和具有64位兼容性的ASPEN扩展。UDK是模块式设计，在将来可扩展成新一代计算环境，如64位。
5.1.1 Java开发工具
Java技术是一种面向对象的、分布式的、独立于平台和厂商的编程语言和执行环境。UDK包括的完整的Java开发环境包括：
· Java Development Kit JDK 1.1.3
· Sun Mircrosystem 公司的Java Workshop 2.0的SCO版
· Sun Mircrosystem 公司的Java Workshop 1.0的SCO版
Java Development Kit (JDK)能在现在和未来的SCO平台上开发Java应用程序和applet程序。JDK包括非常重要的Java技术的运行引挚(runtime engine)，相当于一个OS的内核和库函数：
· Java虚拟机(JVM)
· applet浏览器(appletviewer browser )
· 基本API库 - 语言支持、I/O、AWT、网络、工具、媒介、数学、压缩、安全
JDK的Java开发工具还有，如：
· Javac汇编器
· jdb命令行(command-line)、调试程序(debugger)
· javah header/stub generator for native methods
· javap字节码反汇编器
· javadoc文件格式化程序(do cumentation tormatter)
· jar JAR存档工具
为了开发分布式应用程序，提供对数据库的访问，开发商可使用：
· Java-BeansTM(可视开发模式)
· JDBC(数据库访问)
· Remote Method Invocation (RMI)
UnixWare 7将Java级文件作为最优先级可执行文件对待。
5.1.2 硬件开发工具箱(HDK)
UnixWare 7 Handware Development Kit (HDK)是与UnixWare and OpenServer Development Kit 分开的。HDK将UnixWare 7的内核和驱动接口文件化，它包括了为设备驱动编导人员和硬件生产商提供的参考资料、测试组件和工具。它还包括了OpenServer驱动接口的手册页参考，以及这些接口的支持信息。HDK的进一步介绍可在SCO文件的网站上找到(http://www.sco.com/unixware7/documentation)。
6. 网络用户许可证
UnixWare 7引进了网络用户许可证(NUL)的概念。网络用户许可证是意欲使同一网站上的所有用户能够进入同一网络上所有的UnixWare 7服务器，这就避免了网站上的每一个用户对于所有的系统要使用不同的许可证。网络用户许可证是用于含有多个服务器并且所有系统是在同一地点的局域网中的UnixWare 7系统。此处的"地点"是指物理上的位置，如一个办公室或一组多个相邻的大楼。
网络用户许可证是与UnixWare 7版本一起提供的，或与附加的网络用户许可包(新的或通过Trade-in program得到)一起提供，只是为了能登录装了许可证的那个服务器。为了能登录网上的所有服务器，必须先激活NUL，这种激活通常可作为UnixWare 7版本和网络用户许可证包的产品注册过程的一部分而获得。
这里提供一个网络用户许可证是如何工作的例子，假设有两个UnixWare 7版本装在一个网站上：一个是UnixWare 7部门版本带25个网络用户许可证，另一个是UnixWare 7企业版本带50个网络用户许可证。一旦这两个系统注册了并被激活，每一个UnixWare 7版本中的所有用户都被许可访问部门版本和企业版本两者的服务器资源。
额外增加网络用户数许可证，一经注册并被激活\之后，就可以访问服务器。因此，如果购买了一个10网络用户许可证包，并将其装入部门版本系统中，一旦这个许可证包注册了并激活了，新的用户就可以访问部门版本和企业版本的资源。网络用户许可证的更多资料以及如何获得可从：http://www.sco.com/licensing上获得。
7. 附加、可选服务
除了新的UnixWare操作系统提供的大量特点，SCO还提供了一系列附加的、可选的软件包，从而可扩展或增强系统特定的解决方案的能力。虽然本文未提供这些服务的详细的价格和包装，但下面部分对这些附加服务作了简要说明。
7.1 可伸缩性服务
UnixWare 7是为支持多达32个CPU的对称多处理器系统设计的，这使得使用多个CPU的操作系统同时执行多个进程，因此增加了整个系统的性能。UnixWare 7的客户可以购买一个处理器增量的处理器升级许可证，以增加任何UnixWare 7版本中的CPU配置的数量。处理器升级许可证是对目前安装在UnixWare 7配置中的处理器许可证数量的添加。
7.1.2 UnixWare 7最大内存许可证
所有的UnixWare 7版本至少支持512兆字节的主内存。部门版、Intranet版和Message版可支持高达4G主内存，同时企业版支持高达64G特殊目的的主内存。下列非迭加的许可证被提供来扩展支持任何UnixWare 7版本的总主内存容量：
· 4G字节最大内存许可证
· 64G字节最大内存许可证
7.1.3 UnixWare 7用户许可证
见网络使用者许可证，第6部分。
7.2 软件RAID和在线卷管理(Online Volume Managerment)
7.2.1 UnixWare 7在线数据管理器(ODM)
UnixWare 7的SCO在线数据管理器是企业级的存储管理系统，它由Veritas文件系统(VxFS)的高级版本、管理器和卷管理器可视管理者(VxVA)组成，一起提供RAID0、1和5功能，即磁盘镜像、Striping和带奇偶校验的Striping功能。它提供企业数据管理功能，如：在线管理、在线文件系统备份、改进的同步写操作、支持更大的文件(可达2TB)，以及用增强的I/O群集提高文件系统的I/O性能。I/O群集是多个I/O操作集中在一起的技术，能提高操作性能。当访问一个较大的文件时，其性能可与访问裸设备时相比较。
本系统支持动态的磁盘碎片整理和在线的文件系统大小调整。管理者可用VxVA直观的确定"热点"，或确定磁盘上的高活动区，然后尽量将它们移到一起以减少磁盘搜索时间，或移到其它盘上以提高性能。系统的热再定位功能(hot-relocation)可以自动响应冗余(镜像或RAID-5)的VxVM对象卡的I/O故障，恢复冗余并重新访问这些对象。卷管理器检测VxVM对象上的I/O故障后，将受影响的子盘再定位成空盘和或磁盘组内的自由空间。然后卷管理器重建VxVM对象，使它们变成冗余从而可再次访问它们。
7.2.2 UnixWare 7磁盘镜像(Disk Mirror)
如果用户只需要软件RAID0,1等磁盘镜像功能以增强磁盘存储系统的可用性而不需要其它RAID功能，则可选择购买UnixWare 7磁盘镜像服务。UnixWare 7的磁盘镜像功能增强了数据的可用性，它提供了发生磁盘故障时的容错能力，并通过软件RAID 1(简单磁盘镜像)能更快速地访问磁盘。增加第二块磁盘，激活并使用磁盘镜像功能，则当一块磁盘故障时，管理者仍然可以访问他们的业务关键性数据。由于设计上要求与off-the-shelf 磁盘存储子系统一起工作，UnixWare 7磁盘镜像提供了非常经济的高可用性的数据存储方案。
7.3 高可用性群集 ? UnixWare 7 Reliant HA 1.1
对于需要高级的应用程序、系统和数据可用性的客户，UnixWare 7 Reliant HA1.1是一个高可用性群集的解决方案。它是工业标准Intel服务器平台上的工业标准UNIX操作系统上的第一个 2+节点的企业级群集的解决方案。此方案在一个群集内可支持多达4个。UnixWare 7 Reliant HA 对于提高业务关键性应用的可用性非常理想，如交易处理、数据库、Web节点、文件和打印服务。
特点包括：高增益故障克服，整个系统、应用程序或单独服务的自动恢复。使用标准的SCSI外设和用于群集互联的Ethernet网络。本版本包括的一些增强功能如下：
· 简化的软件安装
· 群集管理集成在SCOadmin里
· 可使用Shell脚本创建检测器
· 私人网络故障提示和选择使用私人网络的串行连接
· 利用新版本UnixWare 7的可伸缩性和可靠性优点，如：自然生成跨越多个物理磁盘和多路径数据存储I/O的大文件系统。
7.4 服务器复制 ? UnixWare 7复制器工具箱(Replicator Kit)
UnixWare 7复制器工具箱是设计用于简化复制大量服务器时的安装和配置。由于设计上使得从主系统上复制服务器的配置变得容易，所以UnixWare 7 RSK大大减少了安装时间，也使在这种环境下安装整个系统变得简单了。它减少了安装过程中的错误，且应用程序和数据可轻易的与操作系统一起被复制。先在一台服务器上安装好大量的产品，通过这台安装主服务器，可以很容易地安装企业内分布在不同地方的新服务器。UnixWare 7复制器工具箱计划1998年下半年出版。
7.5 应用程序经纪人 ? Tarantella
Tarantella技术是从SCO上获得的最令人激动的新技术之一。设计 Tarantella是为了让应用程序能在任何服务器的任何客户端上使用，也就是说，已有的或新的业务关键性应用程序，无论运行在Windows NT服务器、UNIX服务器或大型机系统，现在都可以被支持Java的浏览器的客户端存取和使用。这也包括现存的UNIX工作站和Windows微机或者是网络计算机(NCs)和手持Java客户端。不用重写！
Tarantella彻底减少了传递应用程序的时间，使得更多的用户能使用应用程序，使得管理者能集中管理用户和应用程序。 Tarantella处于应用程序和客户端之间，它允许管理者用网络管理工具来匹配应用程序和用户。一旦在服务器上改变了用户或应用程序的环境，就会自动蔓延到所有的目标用户上。
Tarantella还提供了集中存储和管理功能。用户的环境保存在 Tarantella的服务器上，且 Tarantella服务器还保持着对用户对话的跟踪，这就意味着用户从世界上任何地方登录都能看到相同的使用环境，还意味着，如果需要的话，移动的用户依赖 Tarantella，即使物理上断开，也可以重新连接客户端系统，并保持对话的联通。 Tarantella总是保持应用程序处理的不间断。此产品的详细白皮书和更多的情况在http://tarantella.sco.com上可获得。
7.6 Windows文件和打印服务 ? SCO VisionFS
这里介绍的是SCO UnixWare系统的文件和打印服务。设计上能为Windows3.x和Windows95微机客户端提供文件和打印服务的SCO VisionFS是一个以服务器为基础的解决方案，它不需要额外的客户端软件。要想理想地用于TCP/IP LAN环境中，就需要将Windows 客户端与SCO UnixWare服务器集成起来。它经济效益高、易设置，是现有PC-NFS用户的替代品。SCO VisionFS对于其它UNIX也支持。
7.7 无人值守备份/恢复服务 ? SCO ARCServe/Open
SCO ARCServe/Open是一种易使用、高性能的广泛系统，用于集中备份/恢复，以及企业网络内服务器和客户端的管理。它设计用于单个服务器，或混合网络的多个服务器和客户端，包括：Microsoft Windows、NetWare、Macintosh、OS/2和其它UNIX平台。它提供了先进的备份和恢复服务，包括一个集成的时间表和简单工作的队列管理器以及一全套指令控制，于是可从任何地方管理SCO ARCServe/Open，包括从tty设备上。
SCO ARCServe/Open磁带库选件(Changer Option)提供了支持4mm、8mm和DLT SCSI磁带库，能够自动备份较大的数据量。通过一个图形界面，以及提供一个自动、无人值守的备份和一个高性能动力的Auto-Pilot，SCO ARCServe/Open使得管理一个大服务器或混合网络内的客户和服务器的备份和恢复工作变得简单了。一些新的特点包括如下：
· 能读取存放于磁盘库中盒式磁带上的条形码标签。这一特点有助于减少初始化时间，这一点典型地与大容量磁带库有关。
· 支持简单网络管理协议(SNMP)。此特点使得来自于SCO ARCServe/Open和客户端代理(Client Agent)工作站的警告和错误信息被俘获到集中网络管理控制台，管理者就可以把系统管理得更有效率
· 能备份和恢复NetWare目录服务(NDS)树
7.8 企业级WWW服务器 ? Netscape Enterprise Server 3.5
用于UnixWare 7的最新版本的Netscape企业级服务器是一个着重于企业的网络服务器，它使业务人员分享和管理信息。把IS功能从Web管理员移交给文档作者，Netscape企业服务器网络发布功能，使得作者可以共享和管理各式格式的文件，他们可以直接从自己的桌面上进入，而不需要对Web服务器以基于文件系统方式的访问。开发商可以简单而快速地组装和配置应用程序，从而使业务人员能通过Web提高他们的工作效率。
7.9 企业范围的邮件服务 ? Netscape Message Server 3.5
Netscape Message Server 能快速传递邮件，包括声音、图像、视频文件、HTML形式、Java applets和桌面应用程序。在UnixWare 7中使用Netscape Message Server 的组织将会发现，他们实质上能够与所有邮件系统和网关通讯。
7.10 LDAP目录服务 ? Netscape目录服务器3.0
Netscape 目录服务器3.0是为部门和企业设计的，这些部门和企业需要一个以LDAP为标准的目录服务，用于自己的邮件和其它服务，如打印机集中使用管理。此工具为Intranet和Extranet上的集中管理提供了高伸缩性和灵活的LDAP版本目录服务。
7.11 Windows和DOS应用程序服务 ?MERGE 4.0
MergeTM4.0能让Windows95、Windows3.1和DOS应用程序与业务关键性的UNIX应用程序同时在一个UnixWare 7服务器上运行。公共文件系统使得Windows、DOS和UNIX的用户能共享数据。Windows、DOS和UNIX用户同时分享打印机和其它标准微机外设。SCO Merge 4.0与UNIX应用程序一起，提供进入成千的Windows和DOS应用程序。这种UnixWare 7的可选服务产品在1998年的下半年将能得到。
7.12 NetWare Service 4.10
这一可选部分为UnixWare 7和SCO UnixWare 2.1提供了Novell NetWare 4.10a文件、打印和目录服务。用NetWare Service，NetWare 客户端可以透明地、容易地访问UnixWare应用服务器，从而完全集成进现有的Novell环境中。
UnixWare7系统的可靠性、性能和可伸缩性完全满足业务关键性环境的要求，能够为NetWare客户建立一个单一的、高可靠性的主网络服务器，它具有LAN安全性、多用户支持和强大的应用程序服务。
有关这些功能以及UnixWare7的其它可选服务的详细情况，可以数据表的格式提供，其它SCO白皮书和情况表见：http://www.sco.com/unixware/optional_services。
8. 总结
随着业务朝一个更加更集中化和网络计算模式方向发展，成功实现的关键之一将会是服务器。与此同时，以Intel处理器为基础的新一代企业级服务器诞生了。SCO作为UNIX系统Intel平台的领导者开发了服务器技术以帮助客户利用网络计算的所有优点。SCO是UNIX服务器的领先供货商和UNIX系统强大的、可靠的先锋，Intel处理器优惠的价格性能比以及工业标准硬件的特别价格为关键性的业务计算提供了高可靠性平台。
最先进的SCO UNIX操作系统 ? UnixWare 7 ? 为部门和企业客户提供了新一级的强大的、有价值的和多变性的特点。设计从最基本的要求到支持分布的网络计算，UnixWare 7根据不同的目的而建立的操作系统配置，可分别用于部门数据库、应用服务器、Intranet服务器、邮件和信息服务器以及特定运行电讯环境和其它环境。它具有令人激动的技术革新，加强了易使用、配置和额外的可靠性。与UnixWare 7操作系统配置和可选服务一起，SCO的产品还包括UnixWare and OpenServer Development Kit、HardWare Development Kit以及完整的Java开发环境。
UnixWare是到64位最简单的途径，64位是下一代UNIX系统产品，由SCO开发，用于Intel Merced处理器，它将提供64位特点，如较大的文件和文件系统、较大的内存和64位就绪的API。SCO将确保64位计算所许诺的可伸缩性，和性能可带来的效益，这些将在与Intel Merced处理器同时提供的新一代UnixWare 中体现。
用UnixWare 7，IT专业人员无需再依赖于专有的、以RISC为基础的UNIX系统就能建立他们所需要的可靠的、可伸缩的、高性能的业务方案。UnixWare 7呈现了它所有的企业级UNIX系统的强大、可靠和可伸缩性，且具有标准的以Intel处理器为基础的系统的经济价值。由领先的企业ISV支持，背后有更多的企业硬件生产商，UnixWare 7将是下一代UNIX系统的标准。 |
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